GNGTS 2014 - Atti del 33° Convegno Nazionale

GNGTS 2014 S essione 3.2 201 Smith, A. F., & Roberts, G. O. (1993). Bayesian computation via the Gibbs sampler and related Markov chain Monte Carlo methods.  Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B (Methodological) , 3-23. Sampietro, D. (2011). GOCE exploitation for Moho modeling and applications. In Proc. of the 4th International GOCE User Workshop  (Vol. 31). Sampietro, D., Reguzzoni, M., & Braitenberg, C. (2014). ��� ���� ��������� ���� ������� ��� ������� ������� ��� The GOCE estimated Moho beneath the Tibetan Plateau and Himalaya. In Earth on the Edge: Science for a Sustainable Planet  (pp. 391-397). �������� ������ ����������� Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Sansò, F. (2006). Navigazione geodetica e rilevamento cinematico . ���������� Polipress. Sampietro, D., & Sansó, F. (2012). Uniqueness theorems for inverse gravimetric problems. In VII Hotine-Marussi Symposium on Mathematical Geodesy  (pp. 111-115). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Simmons, N. A., Forte, A. M., Boschi, L., & Grand, S. P. (2010). GyPSuM: A joint tomographic model of mantle density and seismic wave speeds.  Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth ,  115 (B12). Stipčević, J., Tkalčić, H., Herak, M., Markušić, S., & Herak, D. (2011). Crustal and uppermost mantle structure beneath the External Dinarides, Croatia, determined from teleseismic receiver functions. Geophysical journal international ,  185 (3), 1103-1119. Šumanovac, F., Orešković, J., & Grad, M. (2009). Crustal structure at the contact of the Dinarides and Pannonian basin based on 2-D seismic and gravity interpretation of the Alp07 profile in the ALP 2002 experiment. Geophysical Journal International ,  179 (1), 615-633. Van Der Meijde, M., Van Der Lee, S., & Giardini, D. (2003). Crustal structure beneath broad-band seismic stations in the Mediterranean region. Geophysical Journal International ,  152 (3), 729-739. 4D Monitoring of sea water intrusion by Electrical Resistivity Tomography: case study in the coastal alluvial plain of the Volturno River, Italy D. Tarallo, V. Di Fiore, G. Cavuoto, N. Pelosi, M. Punzo, L. Giordano, E. Marsella IAMC - CNR, Institute for Coastal Marine Environment, National Research Council, Naples, Italy Introduction. A common problem of coastal aquifers is saltwater intrusion, induced by the flow of seawater into freshwater aquifers due to the groundwater development near the coast. Several factors affect the ingression of sea water. Among these, the most important are the coastal subsidence, the lowering of the sea level, coastal erosion and excessive pumping of groundwater� �� ����� ����� ��� ����������� �� ������ ���� ������� ��������� ��� ������� . In fact, where the groundwater is pumped from coastal aquifers, the induced gradients may cause the migration of salt water from the sea to the well, making the freshwater unusable; being the fresh water less dense than salt water, it floats on top. According to the IntegratedCoastal ZoneManagement (ICZM) of the EuropeanCommission, coastal areas are of great environmental, economic, social and cultural relevance. Therefore, the implementation of suitable monitoring and protection actions is fundamental for their preservation and for assuring the future use of this resource. Such actions have to be based on an ecosystem perspective for preserving coastal environment integrity and functioning and for planning sustainable resource management of both the marine and terrestrial components. Planning and management of natural resources through a dynamic process has to set, as its objective, the promotion of economic and social welfare of coastal zones. Unfortunately coastal plains are often contaminated by sea water intrusion, and the vulnerability to salinization is probably the most common and diffused problem in an aquifer. The boundary between salt water and fresh water is not distinct; the dispersion and transition zone, or salt-water interface are brackish with salt water and fresh water mixing. Under normal conditions fresh water flows from inland aquifers and recharge areas to coastal discharge areas to the sea. In general, groundwater flows from areas with higher groundwater levels (hydraulic head) to areas with lower groundwater levels. This natural movement of fresh water towards the sea prevents salt water from entering freshwater coastal aquifers (Barlow, 2003).