GNGTS 2015 - Atti del 34° Convegno Nazionale

GNGTS 2015 S essione 1.1 39 References Carminati E., Doglioni C. and Barba S.; 2004: Reverse migration of seismicity on thrusts and normal faults . Earth Sci. Rev., 65, 195–222. Doglioni C., Barba S., Carminati E. and Riguzzi F.; 2011: Role of the brittle-ductile transition on fault activation . Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 184, 160–171. Doglioni C., Barba S., Carminati E. and Riguzzi F.; 2014: Fault on-off versus coseismic fluids reaction. Geoscience Frontiers, v. 5, issue 6, pp. 767–780, doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2013.08.004 Doglioni C., Barba S., Carminati E. and Riguzzi F.; 2015: Fault on-off versus strain rate and earthquakes energy . Geoscience Frontiers 6, 265-276, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.gsf.2013.12.007 Doglioni C., Carminati E., Petricca P. and Riguzzi F.; 2015b: Normal fault earthquakes or graviquakes . Scientific Reports Nature, 5, 12110 doi:10.1038/srep12110. Petricca P., Barba S., Carminati E., Doglioni C. and Riguzzi F.; 2015: Graviquakes in Italy . Tectonophysics, 656, 202–214, doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2015.07.001 Riguzzi F., Crespi M., Devoti R., Doglioni C., Pietrantonio , G. and Pisani A.R.; 2012: Geodetic strain rate and earthquake size: New clues for seismic hazard studies . Phys. Earth Planet. Int., 206-207, 67–75. Riguzzi F., Crespi M., Devoti R., Doglioni C., Pietrantonio G. and Pisani A.R.; 2013: Strain rate relaxation of normal and thrust faults in Italy. Geophys. J. Int., doi: 10.1093/gji/ggt304 LOST EARTHQUAKES BETWEEN ANTIQUITY AND MIDDLE AGE. ARCHEOLOGICAL INDICATION FROM VOLCEI (SOUTHERN APENNINE) P. Galli 1 , A. Lagi 2 1 Dipartimento della Protezione Civile Nazionale, Roma, Italy 2 Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali, Ufficio Patrimonio Mondiale UNESCO, Roma, Italy Introduction. Although the Italian seismic compilations are among the best and back-in time extended catalogues of the world, with earthquakes on record even before the Common Era (e.g., 461 BC in Rome), we have surely lost the memory of dozen strong events of the historical period, mostly in the first millenniumAD. In the lack of written sources, the only way to infer the occurrence of an ancient earthquake in a settlement is to gather as much evidence as possible from archaeological excavations. This happens usually by investigating the existence of collapses/ restorations/ reconstructions of buildings, the general re-organization of the urban texture or, even, the abandonment of the settlement. Exceptionally, this goal is achieved thanks to the discovery of epigraphs mentioning more or less explicitly the effects of the earthquake. Here we present the case of Buccino, the former Roman municipium of Volcei, a settlement located since the Iron Age close to the Apennine divide, between Campania and Basilicata regions (Fig. 1). This sector of the chain is dominated by active NE-SW extension, mainly accommodated by NW-SE normal faults which sourced some among the strongest earthquakes of the Apennines. Indeed, Buccino was heavily damaged (8 MCS degree) by the 1980 Irpinia earthquake (Mw 6.9), with the thirty-year reconstruction activities providing an amazing opportunity to rediscover the buried remains of the Roman town. As the seismic history of Buccino was known to be quite destructive, at least relatively to the past six centuries [e.g., earthquakes in 1466, 1561 and 1857; Is 8-10 MCS: Galli et al. (2006), Castelli et al. (2008), Galli and Peronace (2014)] the recognition of widespread, seismically induced damage to the ancient structures was not an unexpected discovery, allowing the extension of our information well behind the memory of the written Modern sources.