GNGTS 2016 - Atti del 35° Convegno Nazionale

42 GNGTS 2016 S essione A matrice The victims were 298, all caused by the buildings collapsed during the main shock, whereas the injured people hospitalized have been 390. The victims’ figure is comparable to that of the 2009 L’Aquila earthquake (309), although in the current case the affected area is a rural, mountainous zone, while in 2009 the city of L’Aquila, i.e., the Abruzzo Region capital, was strongly damaged being on top of the activated seismogenic fault. The relatively high number of victims caused by the Amatrice earthquake can be ascribed to the low quality of the building stock and to the presence of many tourists, due to the holidays period and the imminence of a local festival. For the first population assistance, at the beginning tent camps solutions were adopted, with more than 30 camps plus a number of individual tents (to support economic activities in rural areas) and other kinds of structures, for about a thousand tents. Assisted population reached a maximum number of more than 4800 people (4807 on September 5, 2016), whereas the tent availability was for more than 8600 people (8602 on September 5, 2016). The number of people in tents goes on reducing through times; the tent camps need to be dismissed before the incoming cold season, and people is moved to hotels available along the Adriatic sea coast or to usable houses in the neighboring of their villages. Caravans are used to support economic activities in rural areas (livestock, etc.). Due to the long lapseof time typically required in Italy tocomplete the repair and reconstruction process, especially in the historical centres, medium/long-term temporary housing arrangement is needed to lodge homeless families for some years. Taking into account the environmental and socio-economic characteristics of the epicentral area, the solution adopted encompasses small independent houses, reusable and made of recyclable materials at the end of their lifetime, with good comfort standards and size. The Government is planning to complete their deployment in 7 months from the main shock. Alternative solution is the monetary contribution for autonomous housing arrangement. A big effort was also required in order to rapidly provide suitable temporary solutions for unusable school buildings, due to the imminence of the scholar year start after the event. Actually different solutions were adopted, depending on the specific damage state of the school buildings, in relation to the possibility to rapidly repair them, or on the availability of other undamaged schools for temporary arrangements. In the meanwhile, temporary modules or tent schools have been arranged, according to the time needed for the rehabilitation or reconstruction of the damaged schools. In addition to the search and rescue and to the population assistance activities, many technical activities have been carried out to support the civil protection management of the emergency phase. The National DPC owns and manages the RAN-DPC strong-motion network (code IT). This accelerometric network is formed by more than 560 permanent digital stations, whose data are teletransmitted to the DPC monitoring centre. The RAN-DPC is able to guarantee a dense cover of all zones of the national territory characterized by high seismic hazard, with an instrumental density proportional to the hazard level. All the data recorded by the network are published on http://ran.protezionecivile.it/. Concerning the main shock, the measured peak ground acceleration (PGA) in the epicentral area, at the Amatrice site (ca. 10 km from the epicentre), reached 452.60 cm/s 2 on the horizontal component and 197.62 cm/s 2 on the vertical component, while at theArquata del Tronto site (ca. 14 km from the epicentre), the PGA reached 448.17 cm/s 2 on the horizontal component and 396.80 cm/s 2 on the vertical component. Also the Seismic Observatory of the Structures (OSS-DPC) is a national permanent network owned and managed by the National DPC; it monitors the seismic response of more than 150 structures, including schools, hospitals, town halls, bridges, and a dam. The OSS-DPC allows a remote estimation being made in fewminutes of the damage suffered by the monitored structures after an earthquake and, by analogy, of the damage possibly suffered by similar structures in the same area. The nearest monitored structure was a hospital at Norcia, 14 km far from the