GNGTS 2024 - Atti del 42° Convegno Nazionale

Session 1.2 GNGTS 2024 STUDY OF ETNA LAVA FLOW DYNAMICS USING SAR AND OPTICAL SATELLITE DATA AND APPLICABILITY OF THE APPROACH IN OTHER VOLCANIC SETTINGS L. Beccaro 1 , E. Ferrentno 1 , M. Albano 1 , C. Tolomei 1 , C. Spinet 1 , G. Pezzo 1 , M. Palano 2 , C. Chiarabba 1 1 Isttuto Nazionale di Geofsica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy 2 Isttuto Nazionale di Geofsica e Vulcanologia, Catania, Italy Introducton The study of lava fows, among the most relevant products of volcanic actvity, is defnitely a topic for further study, being one of the main causes of displacement of volcanic edifces and therefore a relevant phenomenon to be considered for the proper study of the hazard associated with volcanic actvity. In this work, aiming at the characterizaton of the dynamics of the Mt. Etna volcano (Southern Italy) lava fows emplaced during the last decade (Figure 1 – lef panel), we adopted a multdisciplinary approach comprising the processing of optcal and radar satellite data through diferent remote sensing techniques. Long stacks of Synthetc Aperture Radar (SAR) data, acquired during Sentnel-1 (S1) satellite mission, were processed with the Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) SAR Interferometry (InSAR) technique to study the ground displacements evoluton before (January 2016 – December 2018) and afer (January 2019 – July 2021) the 24 December 2018 erupton. The validaton of the InSAR results was performed by comparing the displacement tme series (DTS) with GNSS measurements at some contnuous statons located on the Mt. Etna edifce (Figure 1 – lef panel). Then, Sentnel-2 (S2) optcal data allowed us to identfy the lava fows boundaries emplaced during December 2018 and May 2019 paroxysms. The subtracton of Digital Elevaton Models (DEMs), generated through the applicaton of the stereo radargrammetry technique to high-resoluton COSMO-SkyMed (CSK) data, permited to estmate the topographic changes caused by the lava emplaced during the aforementoned events. Results allowed the establishment of the infuence that the physical mechanisms have on the observed moton, suggestng that thermal contracton of the lava body, viscous compacton of the substrate, and downslope sliding induce signifcant volcanic ground displacements, actng in diferent tme periods and topographic conditons.