GNGTS 2024 - Atti del 42° Convegno Nazionale

Session 2.3 GNGTS 2024 From risk to safety for a resilient governance S. Grimaz 1 , P. Malisan 1 1 SPRINT-Lab, Polytechnic Department of Engineering and Architecture, University of Udine (Italy) Background and motvatons. Events and phenomena with a strong impact on the territory are increasingly common and are exacerbated by climate change (UNDRR, 2015). They include natural hazards (e.g., foods, tornadoes, earthquakes, hydrogeological instability phenomena), as well as human actvites (e.g., air polluton, water polluton, deforestaton, soil degradaton) or combinatons of both. These events occur with greater frequency and intensity, afectng all countries around the world. The interactons between natural and human systems further complicate risks. Infrastructure development in hazardous zones, such as coastal areas prone to hurricanes or earthquake-prone regions, elevates exposure to natural disasters, increasing the potental for widespread damage and disrupton. Simultaneously, degraded ecosystems, such as deforested lands or polluted water sources, diminish their natural bufering capacity, leaving communites more vulnerable to the adverse impacts of environmental changes. The complex interplay between natural and human systems underscores the importance of holistc approaches to risk management, necessitatng strategies that consider both environmental and societal factors to build resilient and sustainable communites. At the same tme, social and economic networks have become deeply interconnected locally and globally. Disruptons to any part of complex, cross-border systems can trigger widespread cascading impacts difcult to predict and manage. Interdependencies between infrastructure, supply and value chains mean disturbances are more system-wide with the potental for massive harm. These multfaceted issues demand holistc, intersectoral approaches respectul of territorial specifcites. While climate adaptaton and disaster risk reducton are priorites, siloed actons are insufcient. Cooperaton across governments, private stakeholders, scientsts and communites is necessary to understand dynamic risk contexts and cocreate adaptve solutons. In this process, an efectve communicaton plays a strategic role. Recognizing the scale and urgency of these sustainable development challenges, the UN's 2030 Agenda (United Natons General Assembly, 2015) aims to build resilience through policy and fnancing coherence, ecosystem protecton, social inclusion, innovaton and preparedness. Yet integraton of risk knowledge and management into strategies, planning and decision-making remains fragmented. The COVID-19 crisis further underscored gaps, partcularly regarding coordinaton of emergency responses, contnuity of critcal services and support for vulnerable populatons. It revealed defciencies in integraton and social protecton requiring atenton in recovery agendas. The EU's "Next Generaton EU" recovery plan (European Union, 2023) and related framework emphasize building back in a manner that is greener, fairer, and more resilient against future adversites. To achieve disaster risk reducton, as indicated by the Sendai Framework (UNDRR, 2015), it will be imperatve to reduce hazards and vulnerabilites through coordinated territorial acton. Internatonal cooperaton on evidence-based risk assessment, management of cross-border risks, knowledge exchange and capacity building should be scaled up. Strong multlevel governance and